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Empress dowager (also Dowager empress or Empress mother) () is the English language translation of the title given to the mother of a Chinese, Japanese, Korean or Vietnamese emperor. The title was also given occasionally to another woman of the same generation, while a woman from the previous generation was sometimes given the title of Grand Empress Dowager. Numerous empress dowagers held regency during the reign of an underage emperor. Many of the most prominent empress dowagers also extended their control for long periods after the emperor was old enough to govern. This was a source of political turmoil according to the traditional view of Chinese history. The title Dowager Empress was given to the wife of a deceased Emperor of Russia, or of the Holy Roman Emperor. == Chinese empress dowager == ; Han dynasty * Empress Dowager Lü * Empress Dowager Dou * Empress Dowager Wang * Empress Dowager Deng * Empress Dowager Liang * Empress Dowager He ; Northern Dynasties * Empress Dowager Feng * Empress Dowager Hu ; Tang Dynasty * Empress Dowager Wu, more commonly known as Wu Zetian * Empress Dowager Wei, daughter-in-law of Wu Zetian. ; Song Dynasty * Empress Dowager Xie ; Qing Dynasty * Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang * Empress Dowager Ci'an * Empress Dowager Cixi, ''de facto'' ruler of the Qing Dynasty for 40 years * Empress Dowager Longyu, abdicated on behalf of Puyi ==Holy Roman dowager empresses== Eleonora Gonzaga was empress dowager from 1657-1686.〔http://www.lib.cas.cz/aleph-google/KNA01/00115/19/001151999.html〕 Although never referred to as a dowager, Empress Matilda was controversially the Holy Roman Empress and continued to be referred to as "empress" long after her husband's death. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Empress dowager」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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